Overview of Data Query

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The Data Query feature enables you to export data from your Zuora tenant by performing asynchronous, read-only SQL queries. Because of the flexibility of SQL, you can use a single data query to retrieve data from multiple objects that have not been pre-joined by Zuora. See the following features of Data Query:

Data Query supports the SQL-based job to query all your tenant’s data.
Data Query provides easy-to-use POST and GET API.
Data Query provides User Interface for you to submit queries through the simple text box under Platform > Data Query.
Data Query supports the encryption feature when using personal RSA key pairs.
Data Query does not support synchronous queries. All queries are asynchronous.
Data Query only supports the read-only SQL statements. It does not support non-read only SQL statements such as UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, ALTER TABLE, and so on.

Typically you can use Data Query in case that you:

Query from tables that are not available in other data extraction applications
Make more JOINs than Data Source Exports or Reporting can support
Prefer using SQL functions rather than ZOQL
Create Workflows that need to work with data

Using Data Query

You can use Data Query through API, User Interface, and Workflow tasks.

When you submit a data query, you can select one of the following data sources to run the query:

Live: Zuora transactional databases, which are updated in near real-time.
Zuora Warehouse: the high-performance data warehouse provided by Zuora. This option is available only if you have the Zuora Warehouse feature enabled. For more information, see Zuora Warehouse.

Using Data Query through API

You can use the Data Query API to submit queries, check the status of queries, and obtain the exported data.

To export data from your Zuora tenant through Data Query API:

Construct a SQL query.

For example:
```
SELECT accountnumber, balance FROM Account WHERE Account.balance > 100
```
See Constructing SQL Queries in Data Query for the supported SQL syntax, the available tables, and sample queries.
Call Submit data query to submit the query and create a query job. Provide the query in the request body.

You can request the query results in CSV, TSV, DSV or JSON format.
Call Get data query job in the API or check your query listed on the Data Query page to track the status of the query job.

Depending on the complexity of the query, you may need to call "Get data query job" several times, until the value of queryStatus in the response body is completed, failed, or cancelled.

When the query job is complete, you can obtain the URL of the query results from the response body. For example:

https://example.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/3a3e85c4-96e7-486b-ae02-827120104301_24921638725108715.json?X-Amz-Security-Token=...
Download the query results.

Each row in the query results contains the requested fields of an object in your Zuora tenant. For example:
```
accountnumber,balance
A00253588,230.0
A00253573,125.0
A00255366,199.95
...
```
If you requested the query results in JSON format, each row in the query results is a JSON object. The query results are not wrapped in a JSON array. For example:
```
{"accountnumber":"A00253588","balance":230.0}
{"accountnumber":"A00253573","balance":125.0}
{"accountnumber":"A00255366","balance":199.95}
...
```

Using Data Query through User Interface

You can create new data queries, save data queries, and view the query history through Data Query UI. See Using Data Query through User Interface for the details.

Using Data Query through Workflow Tasks

To export data from your Zuora tenant through Workflow tasks, see Retrieve: Data Query.

Notes and Limitations

Data Query has been adapted from Trino v351.

Query Processing Limitations

See the query processing limitations in the table below.

Definition of limitation	Limitation value for Data Query Live	Limitation value for Zuora Warehouse
The maximum number of input records per table after filters have been applied	10,000,000	Unlimited
The maximum number of output records	500,000	50,000,000
The maximum number of simultaneous queries per tenant The Data Query jobs in the `in_progress` status are counted towards the simultaneous query limit per tenant. However, you will not immediately get a failure when you submit a query after you reach the simultaneous query limit. This query is added to the queue if the queue is not full. See the queued query limitation below for more information. This is a tenant-level limitation, regardless of whether the Multi-entity feature is enabled or not. The number of queries against each data source is calculated separately. For example, you can have three running queries against live transactional databases and 14 queries against Zuora Warehouse at the same time.	5	15
The maximum number of queued queries after reaching the limitation of simultaneous queries per tenant The Data Query jobs submitted after you reach the simultaneous query limit are added to the queue. You will encounter failures in submitting the query when you exceed the limit of queued queries. The Data Query jobs in the `accepted` status are counted towards the queued query limit. This is a tenant-level limitation, regardless of whether the Multi-entity feature is enabled or not. The number of queries against each data source is calculated separately. For example, you can have eight queued queries against live transactional databases and 28 queries against Zuora Warehouse at the same time.	10	30
The maximum processing time for each query in hours	4 (One hour for the first attempt and three hours for three retries.)	4 (One hour for the first attempt and three hours for three retries.)
The maximum size of memory allocated to each query in GB	2	2
The maximum number of characters in a query string submitted through API or Workflow	1,000,000	1,000,000
The maximum number of characters in a query string submitted through Data Query UI	20,000	20,000
Maximum number of stages in a query	200	200

When querying large transactional tables such as InvoiceItem, CreditMemoItem, DebitMemoItem, and TaxationItem, you should include additional filtering logic in the WHERE clause to ensure that the number of input records is less than 10 million. If the number of input records is greater than 10 million, the query will fail.

Examples for Query Processing Limitations in Data Query Live

For example, suppose that the InvoiceItem table contains a total of 10,200,000 records and the Subscription table contains a total of 100,000 records, and you submit the following data queries:

```
SELECT * FROM InvoiceItem
```
- Number of input records: 10,200,000
- Number of output records: 0
This query will fail.

SELECT * FROM InvoiceItem 
WHERE UpdatedDate >= TIMESTAMP '2018-06-02 18:17:07 -07:00'

Number of input records: 600,000
Number of output records: 600,000

This query will fail.

SELECT * FROM InvoiceItem 
WHERE UpdatedDate >= TIMESTAMP '2018-06-02 18:17:07 -07:00' LIMIT 100000

Number of input records: 600,000
Number of output records: 100,000

This query will succeed.

```
SELECT * FROM InvoiceItem, Subscription 
WHERE InvoiceItem.id = 'c92c8f9-61e3-1799-0161-e4d0317a088e'
```
- Number of input records in InvoiceItem table: 1
- Number of input records in Subscription table: 100,000
- Number of output records: 100,000
This query will succeed.

SELECT * FROM InvoiceItem 
JOIN Subscription ON Subscription.id = InvoiceItem.subscriptionid 
WHERE InvoiceItem.id = 'c92c8f9-61e3-1799-0161-e4d0317a088e'

Number of input records in InvoiceItem table: 1
Number of input records in Subscription table: 100,000
Number of output records: 1

This query will succeed.

For another example, suppose that you have Multi-entity enabled in your tenant, and five query jobs in your Entity A are in the in_progress status. After switching to Entity B, if you submit another query job, the job will be in the accepted status because the maximum number of simultaneous queries for a tenant is five. This limitation applies at the tenant level.

Functionality Limitations

Data Query does not support currency rounding for billing objects. It returns raw data without rounding.

Retry behavior

Non-retryable queries are marked as failed if the query process is not successful.

Data Query makes up to three retries for retryable queries. If the first attempt and three retries all fail, the query is considered failed.

Note that the maximum processing time for each attempt is one hour.